PASSIVE AND ACTIVE EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON INDIVIDUALS HEALTH

Smoking affects both actively and passively, which not only affects the person smoking it

but also everybody around them.

Active Effects-for the smoker

These are the direct effects on the person concerned who is indulging in smoking.

1. Respiratory Issues:

• Chronic bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Risk of pneumonia

2. Cardiovascular Problems:

• Increase in heart rate and blood pressure
• Increase in the hazard of diseases like heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease
• Increase in the tendency of blood clotting, thus leading to a heart attack

3. Cancer:

 Increased risk of lung cancer, throat cancer, mouth cancer, esophageal cancer, and other

cancers, including those of the pancreas, kidney, bladder, and cervix

4. Weakened Immune System:

•  Weakened defense against infection
•  Increased inflammation within the body

5. Addiction:

 Nicotine is an addictive chemical that results in dependence and withdrawal symptoms when

an individual attempts to give up the drug

6. Premature Aging:

•  Skin aging, where blood flow and collagen breakdown contribute to wrinkles
•  Yellowing of teeth and bad breath

7. Reproductive Health Issues:

• Reduced fertility in both men and women
• Increased risk of complications during pregnancy, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and miscarriage

Passive Effects (secondhand smoke):

These are those effects on people exposed to tobacco smoke without themselves smoking.

1. Respiratory Problems:

• increased risk of lung infections, asthma, and bronchitis
• A higher chance of developing COPD
• Children exposed to secondhand smoke are at an increased risk of SIDS, asthma, and respiratory infections

2. Cancer:

Secondhand smoke may increase the risk of lung cancer and other cancers over an extended

period, especially among nonsmokers.

3. Heart Disease:

Passively exposed people have an increased risk for heart diseases and stroke, just as actively

smoking individuals do.

4. Pregnancy Risks:

Pregnant women exposed to secondhand smoke may go through complications such as

low birth weight, early birth, and developmental issues in the baby.

5. Increased Mortality Risk:

It also causes early deaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases after chronic exposure

to second-hand smoke

Summary:

Active effects

constitute, but are not limited to, respiratory, cardiovascular, cancer risks, and addiction,

affecting mainly the smoker.

Passive effects

result in respiratory problems, heart disease, cancer, and complications in

pregnancy among people who are exposed to tobacco smoke.

Both types of exposure are hazardous and equally demonstrate serious health complications.